ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious mortality in the world, affecting mainly developing countries (DC), while diabetes (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. This review analyzes the fact that diabetes is currently an important risk factor for developing TB, also presenting more complicated TB, more relapses and higher mortality. The DCs and the fourth world of the large cities are those with the highest incidence of TB and an increase in DM, which will make it difficult to control tuberculosis disease. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic is complicating the management of both diseases due to the difficulty of access to control and treatment and the worsening of socioeconomic inequalities. It is necessary to establish a bidirectional screening for TB and DM and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.
La tuberculosis (TB) era la primera causa de mortalidad infecciosa mundial hasta la pandemia de COVID-19. Afecta sobre todo a los países en vías de desarrollo (PVD), mientras que la diabetes mellitus (DM) es una de las enfermedades crónicas más prevalentes.En esta revisión se objetiva que la DM constituye actualmente un importante factor de riesgo para desarrollar TB, presentando además TB más complicadas, más recaídas y mayor letalidad. Los PVD y el cuarto mundo de las grandes ciudades son los que presentan mayor incidencia de TB y un incremento de la DM, lo que dificultará el control de la enfermedad tuberculosa. Paralelamente, la pandemia por COVID-19 está complicando el manejo de ambas enfermedades por la dificultad de acceso al control y tratamiento y por el empeoramiento de desigualdades socioeconómicas. Es necesario establecer un cribado bidireccional de TB y DM e impulsar recomendaciones para el manejo conjunto de ambas enfermedades.
ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of infectious mortality in the world, affecting mainly developing countries (DC), while diabetes (DM) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases. This review analyzes the fact that diabetes is currently an important risk factor for developing TB, also presenting more complicated TB, more relapses and higher mortality. The DCs and the fourth world of the large cities are those with the highest incidence of TB and an increase in DM, which will make it difficult to control tuberculosis disease. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic is complicating the management of both diseases due to the difficulty of access to control and treatment and the worsening of socioeconomic inequalities. It is necessary to establish a bidirectional screening for TB and DM and promote recommendations for the joint management of both diseases.